What is Cardiac Tamponade?
Cardiac tamponade is a
mechanical compression of the heart. It happens when the intrapericardial
pressure rises due to unchecked fluid accumulation within the pericardial sac.
Definition -fluid quickly fills pericardial sac and limits cardiac output; cardiac tamponade is a medical emergency
Etiology
o acute pericarditis
o post-op after cardiac surgery
o pericardial effusions
o chest trauma
o myocardial rupture
o aortic dissection
o anticoagulant therapy
Findings: classic triad of
findings
- hypotension with
- muffled heart sounds with
- high jugular venous pressure (increased CVP)
Management - pericardiocentesis:
needle aspiration of pericardial sac
Nursing interventions
- bed rest with elevated head of bed
- prepare client for pericardiocentesis
- provide emotional support
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